@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private static void addMaxPrioForSMSReceiver(ProcessManifest manifest) {
	for(AXmlNode receiver : manifest.getReceivers()) {
		for(AXmlNode receiverChild : receiver.getChildren()) {
			if(receiverChild.getTag().equals("intent-filter")) {
				//search for SMS receiver
				for(AXmlNode childChild : receiverChild.getChildren()) {
					if(childChild.getTag().equals("action")) {
						if(childChild.hasAttribute("name") && ((String)childChild.getAttribute("name").getValue()).equalsIgnoreCase("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")){
							//prepare the priority filter
							if(receiverChild.hasAttribute("priority")) 
								((AXmlAttribute<Integer>)receiverChild.getAttribute("priority")).setValue(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
							else {
								AXmlAttribute<Integer> attr = new AXmlAttribute<Integer>("priority", Integer.MAX_VALUE, ANDROID_NAMESPACE);
								receiverChild.addAttribute(attr);
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
 

private boolean isComponentExported(AXmlNode node)
{
    boolean accessible = false;
    AXmlAttribute<?> attrEnabled = node.getAttribute("enabled");
    if (attrEnabled == null || !attrEnabled.getValue().equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {
        AXmlAttribute<?> attrExported = node.getAttribute("exported");
        if (attrExported != null){
            if(attrExported.getValue().equals(Boolean.TRUE)) {
                accessible = true;
            }
            else if(attrExported.getValue().equals(Boolean.FALSE))
            {
                accessible = false;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if(node.getChildrenWithTag("intent-filter").size() != 0) {
                accessible = true;
            }
        }
    }
    return accessible;
}
 

private void checkAndAddComponent(Set<String> entryPoints, AXmlNode node) {
	AXmlAttribute<?> attrEnabled = node.getAttribute("enabled");
	if (attrEnabled == null || !attrEnabled.getValue().equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {
		AXmlAttribute<?> attr = node.getAttribute("name");
		if (attr != null)
			entryPoints.add(expandClassName((String) attr.getValue()));
		else {
			// This component does not have a name, so this might be obfuscated
			// malware. We apply a heuristic.
			for (Entry<String, AXmlAttribute<?>> a : node.getAttributes().entrySet())
				if (a.getValue().getName().isEmpty()
						&& a.getValue().getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_STRING) {
					String name = (String) a.getValue().getValue();
					if (isValidComponentName(name))
						entryPoints.add(expandClassName(name));
				}
		}
	}
}
 

/**
 * Gets the permissions this application requests
 * @return The permissions requested by this application
 * @return
 */
public Set<String> getPermissions() {
	List<AXmlNode> usesPerms = this.manifest.getChildrenWithTag("uses-permission");
	Set<String> permissions = new HashSet<String>();
	for (AXmlNode perm : usesPerms) {
		AXmlAttribute<?> attr = perm.getAttribute("name");
		if (attr != null)
			permissions.add((String) attr.getValue());
		else {
			// The required "name" attribute is missing, so we collect all empty
			// attributes as a best-effort solution for broken malware apps
			for (AXmlAttribute<?> a : perm.getAttributes().values())
				if (a.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_STRING && a.getName().isEmpty())
					permissions.add((String) a.getValue());
		}
	}
	return permissions;
}
 

private void checkAndAddComponent(Set<String> entryPoints, AXmlNode node) {
	AXmlAttribute<?> attrEnabled = node.getAttribute("enabled");
	if (attrEnabled == null || !attrEnabled.getValue().equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {
		AXmlAttribute<?> attr = node.getAttribute("name");
		if (attr != null)
			entryPoints.add(expandClassName((String) attr.getValue()));
		else {
			// This component does not have a name, so this might be obfuscated
			// malware. We apply a heuristic.
			for (Entry<String, AXmlAttribute<?>> a : node.getAttributes().entrySet())
				if (a.getValue().getName().isEmpty()
						&& a.getValue().getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_STRING) {
					String name = (String) a.getValue().getValue();
					if (isValidComponentName(name))
						entryPoints.add(expandClassName(name));
				}
		}
	}
}
 

/**
 * Gets the permissions this application requests
 * @return The permissions requested by this application
 * @return
 */
public Set<String> getPermissions() {
	List<AXmlNode> usesPerms = this.manifest.getChildrenWithTag("uses-permission");
	Set<String> permissions = new HashSet<String>();
	for (AXmlNode perm : usesPerms) {
		AXmlAttribute<?> attr = perm.getAttribute("name");
		if (attr != null)
			permissions.add((String) attr.getValue());
		else {
			// The required "name" attribute is missing, so we collect all empty
			// attributes as a best-effort solution for broken malware apps
			for (AXmlAttribute<?> a : perm.getAttributes().values())
				if (a.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_STRING && a.getName().isEmpty())
					permissions.add((String) a.getValue());
		}
	}
	return permissions;
}
 

private static void addComponentCallerService(ProcessManifest androidManifest) {
	AXmlNode componentCallerService = new AXmlNode("service", null, androidManifest.getApplication());
	AXmlAttribute<String> nameAttribute = new AXmlAttribute<String>("name", UtilInstrumenter.COMPONENT_CALLER_SERVICE_HELPER,  ANDROID_NAMESPACE);
	AXmlAttribute<String> exportedAttribute = new AXmlAttribute<String>("exported", "false",  ANDROID_NAMESPACE);
	componentCallerService.addAttribute(nameAttribute);
	componentCallerService.addAttribute(exportedAttribute);
	
	androidManifest.addService(componentCallerService);
}
 

private static void addHookinHelperAsApplicationIfNecessary(ProcessManifest androidManifest){
	AXmlNode application = androidManifest.getApplication();
	if(!application.hasAttribute("name")) {
		AXmlAttribute<String> nameAttribute = new AXmlAttribute<String>("name", UtilInstrumenter.HELPER_APPLICATION_FOR_HOOKING,  ANDROID_NAMESPACE);
		application.addAttribute(nameAttribute);
	}
}
 

private static void addTracingService(ProcessManifest androidManifest) {
	AXmlNode tracingService = new AXmlNode("service", null, androidManifest.getApplication());
	AXmlAttribute<String> nameAttribute = new AXmlAttribute<String>("name", UtilInstrumenter.HELPER_SERVICE_FOR_PATH_TRACKING,  ANDROID_NAMESPACE);
	AXmlAttribute<String> exportedAttribute = new AXmlAttribute<String>("exported", "false",  ANDROID_NAMESPACE);
	tracingService.addAttribute(nameAttribute);
	tracingService.addAttribute(exportedAttribute);
	
	androidManifest.addService(tracingService);
}
 

/**
 * Parses the attributes required for a layout file inclusion
 * @param layoutFile The full path and file name of the file being parsed
 * @param rootNode The AXml node containing the attributes
 */
private void parseIncludeAttributes(String layoutFile, AXmlNode rootNode) {
	for (Entry<String, AXmlAttribute<?>> entry : rootNode.getAttributes().entrySet()) {
		String attrName = entry.getKey().trim();
		AXmlAttribute<?> attr = entry.getValue();
		
   		if (attrName.equals("layout")) {
   			if ((attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_REFERENCE || attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_INT_HEX)
   					&& attr.getValue() instanceof Integer) {
   				// We need to get the target XML file from the binary manifest
   				AbstractResource targetRes = resParser.findResource((Integer) attr.getValue());
   				if (targetRes == null) {
   					System.err.println("Target resource " + attr.getValue() + " for layout include not found");
   					return;
   				}
   				if (!(targetRes instanceof StringResource)) {
   					System.err.println("Invalid target node for include tag in layout XML, was "
   							+ targetRes.getClass().getName());
   					return;
   				}
   				String targetFile = ((StringResource) targetRes).getValue();
   				
   				// If we have already processed the target file, we can
   				// simply copy the callbacks we have found there
       			if (callbackMethods.containsKey(targetFile))
       				for (String callback : callbackMethods.get(targetFile))
       					addCallbackMethod(layoutFile, callback);
       			else {
       				// We need to record a dependency to resolve later
       				addToMapSet(includeDependencies, targetFile, layoutFile);
       			}
   			}
   		}
	}
}
 

private void checkPublicAccessibleCompoenent(Set<String> entryPoints, AXmlNode node)
   {
	if (isComponentExported(node)) {
           AXmlAttribute<?> attr = node.getAttribute("name");
           if (attr != null)
               entryPoints.add(expandClassName((String) attr.getValue()));
       }
}
 

public String getPackageName() {
	if (cache_PackageName == null) {
		AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.manifest.getAttribute("package");
		if (attr != null)
			cache_PackageName = (String) attr.getValue();
	}
	return cache_PackageName;
}
 

/**
 * Gets the minimum SDK version on which this application is supposed to run
 * @return The minimum SDK version on which this application is supposed to run
 */
public int getMinSdkVersion() {
	List<AXmlNode> usesSdk = this.manifest.getChildrenWithTag("uses-sdk");
	if (usesSdk == null || usesSdk.isEmpty())
		return -1;
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = usesSdk.get(0).getAttribute("minSdkVersion");
	
	if (attr == null)
		return -1;
	
	if (attr.getValue() instanceof Integer)
		return (Integer) attr.getValue();
	
	return Integer.getInteger((String) attr.getValue());		
}
 

/**
 * Gets the target SDK version for which this application was developed
 * @return The target SDK version for which this application was developed
 */
public int targetSdkVersion() {
	List<AXmlNode> usesSdk = this.manifest.getChildrenWithTag("uses-sdk");
	if (usesSdk == null || usesSdk.isEmpty())
		return -1;
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = usesSdk.get(0).getAttribute("targetSdkVersion");

	if (attr == null)
		return -1;
	
	if (attr.getValue() instanceof Integer)
		return (Integer) attr.getValue();
	
	return Integer.getInteger((String) attr.getValue());		
}
 

public String getPackageName() {
	if (cache_PackageName == null) {
		AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.manifest.getAttribute("package");
		if (attr != null)
			cache_PackageName = (String) attr.getValue();
	}
	return cache_PackageName;
}
 

/**
 * Gets the minimum SDK version on which this application is supposed to run
 * @return The minimum SDK version on which this application is supposed to run
 */
public int getMinSdkVersion() {
	List<AXmlNode> usesSdk = this.manifest.getChildrenWithTag("uses-sdk");
	if (usesSdk == null || usesSdk.isEmpty())
		return -1;
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = usesSdk.get(0).getAttribute("minSdkVersion");
	
	if (attr == null)
		return -1;
	
	if (attr.getValue() instanceof Integer)
		return (Integer) attr.getValue();
	
	return Integer.parseInt("" + attr.getValue());		
}
 

/**
 * Gets the target SDK version for which this application was developed
 * @return The target SDK version for which this application was developed
 */
public int targetSdkVersion() {
	List<AXmlNode> usesSdk = this.manifest.getChildrenWithTag("uses-sdk");
	if (usesSdk == null || usesSdk.isEmpty())
		return -1;
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = usesSdk.get(0).getAttribute("targetSdkVersion");

	if (attr == null)
		return -1;
	
	if (attr.getValue() instanceof Integer)
		return (Integer) attr.getValue();
	
	return Integer.parseInt("" + attr.getValue());		
}
 

/**
 * Get the package name of the application
 * @param apkFileLocation
 * @return
 */
public static String getApplicationPackageName(String apkFileLocation) {
	String packageName = null;
	try {
		ProcessManifest pm = new ProcessManifest(apkFileLocation);
		AXmlHandler axmlh = pm.getAXml(); 
		
		// Find main activity and remove main intent-filter
		List<AXmlNode> anodes = axmlh.getNodesWithTag("manifest");
		for (AXmlNode an: anodes) {
			boolean hasMain = false;
			boolean hasLauncher = false;
			AXmlNode filter = null;
			
			AXmlAttribute aname = an.getAttribute("package");
			String aval = (String)aname.getValue();
			packageName = aval;
			System.out.println("package: "+ packageName);
			break;
			
		}
	} catch (IOException | XmlPullParserException ex) {
		System.err.println("Could not read Android manifest file: " + ex.getMessage());
		throw new RuntimeException(ex);
	}

	return packageName;
}
 

/**
 * Parses the layout file with the given root node
 * @param layoutFile The full path and file name of the file being parsed
 * @param rootNode The root node from where to start parsing
 */
private void parseLayoutNode(String layoutFile, AXmlNode rootNode) {
	if (rootNode.getTag() == null || rootNode.getTag().isEmpty()) {
		System.err.println("Encountered a null or empty node name "
				+ "in file " + layoutFile + ", skipping node...");
		return;
	}
	
	String tname = rootNode.getTag().trim();
	if (tname.equals("dummy")) {
		// dummy root node, ignore it
	}
	// Check for inclusions
	else if (tname.equals("include")) {
		parseIncludeAttributes(layoutFile, rootNode);
	}
	// The "merge" tag merges the next hierarchy level into the current
	// one for flattening hierarchies.
	else if (tname.equals("merge"))  {
		// do not consider any attributes of this elements, just
		// continue with the children
	}
	else if (tname.equals("fragment"))  {
		final AXmlAttribute<?> attr = rootNode.getAttribute("name");
		if (attr == null)
			System.err.println("Fragment without class name detected");
		else {
			if (attr.getType() != AxmlVisitor.TYPE_STRING)
				System.err.println("Invalid targer resource "+attr.getValue()+"for fragment class value");
			getLayoutClass(attr.getValue().toString());
		}
	}
	else {
		final SootClass childClass = getLayoutClass(tname);
		if (childClass != null && (isLayoutClass(childClass) || isViewClass(childClass)))
			parseLayoutAttributes(layoutFile, childClass, rootNode);
	}

	// Parse the child nodes
	for (AXmlNode childNode : rootNode.getChildren())
		parseLayoutNode(layoutFile, childNode);
}
 

/**
 * Parses the layout attributes in the given AXml node 
 * @param layoutFile The full path and file name of the file being parsed
 * @param layoutClass The class for the attributes are parsed
 * @param rootNode The AXml node containing the attributes
 */
private void parseLayoutAttributes(String layoutFile, SootClass layoutClass, AXmlNode rootNode) {
	boolean isSensitive = false;
	int id = -1;
	
	for (Entry<String, AXmlAttribute<?>> entry : rootNode.getAttributes().entrySet()) {
		String attrName = entry.getKey().trim();
		AXmlAttribute<?> attr = entry.getValue();
		
		// On obfuscated Android malware, the attribute name may be empty
		if (attrName.isEmpty())
			continue;
		
		// Check that we're actually working on an android attribute
		if (!isAndroidNamespace(attr.getNamespace()))
			continue;
		
		// Read out the field data
		if (attrName.equals("id")
				&& (attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_REFERENCE || attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_INT_HEX))
			id = (Integer) attr.getValue();
		else if (attrName.equals("password")) {
			if (attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_INT_HEX)
				isSensitive = ((Integer) attr.getValue()) != 0; // -1 for true, 0 for false
			else if (attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_INT_BOOLEAN)
				isSensitive = (Boolean) attr.getValue();
			else
				throw new RuntimeException("Unknown representation of boolean data type");
		}
		else if (!isSensitive && attrName.equals("inputType") && attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_INT_HEX) {
			int tp = (Integer) attr.getValue();
			isSensitive = ((tp & TYPE_NUMBER_VARIATION_PASSWORD) == TYPE_NUMBER_VARIATION_PASSWORD)
					|| ((tp & TYPE_TEXT_VARIATION_PASSWORD) == TYPE_TEXT_VARIATION_PASSWORD)
					|| ((tp & TYPE_TEXT_VARIATION_VISIBLE_PASSWORD) == TYPE_TEXT_VARIATION_VISIBLE_PASSWORD)
					|| ((tp & TYPE_TEXT_VARIATION_WEB_PASSWORD) == TYPE_TEXT_VARIATION_WEB_PASSWORD);
		}
		else if (isActionListener(attrName)
				&& attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_STRING
				&& attr.getValue() instanceof String) {
			String strData = ((String) attr.getValue()).trim();
			addCallbackMethod(layoutFile, strData);
		}
		else if (attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_STRING && attrName.equals("text")) {
			// To avoid unrecognized attribute for "text" field
		}
		else if (DEBUG && attr.getType() == AxmlVisitor.TYPE_STRING) {
			System.out.println("Found unrecognized XML attribute:  " + attrName);
		}
	}
	
	// Register the new user control
	addToMapSet(this.userControls, layoutFile, new LayoutControl(id, layoutClass, isSensitive));
}
 

/**
 * Gets the application's version name as it is displayed to the user
 * @return The application#s version name as in pretty print
 */
public String getVersionName() {
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.manifest.getAttribute("versionName");
	return attr == null ? null : (String) attr.getValue();
}
 

/**
 * Gets the name of the Android application class
 * @return The name of the Android application class
 */
public String getApplicationName() {
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.application.getAttribute("name");
	return attr == null ? null : expandClassName((String) attr.getValue());		
}
 

/**
 * Gets whether this Android application is enabled
 * @return True if this application is enabled, otherwise false
 */
public boolean isApplicationEnabled() {
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.application.getAttribute("enabled");
	return attr == null || !attr.getValue().equals(Boolean.FALSE);
}
 

public boolean isApplicationDebuggable(){
    AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.application.getAttribute("debuggable");
    return attr != null && attr.getValue().equals(Boolean.TRUE);
}
 

public boolean isApplicationDisallowBackup(){
    AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.application.getAttribute("allowBackup");
    return attr != null && attr.getValue().equals(Boolean.FALSE);
}
 

/**
 * Adds a new permission to the manifest.
 * @param complete permission name e.g. "android.permission.INTERNET"
 */
public void addPermission(String permissionName) {				
	AXmlNode permission = new AXmlNode("uses-permission", null, manifest);
	AXmlAttribute<String> permissionNameAttr = new AXmlAttribute<String>("name", permissionName,  AXmlHandler.ANDROID_NAMESPACE);		
	permission.addAttribute(permissionNameAttr);
}
 

/**
 * Gets the application's version name as it is displayed to the user
 * @return The application#s version name as in pretty print
 */
public String getVersionName() {
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.manifest.getAttribute("versionName");
	return attr == null ? null : (String) attr.getValue();
}
 

/**
 * Gets the name of the Android application class
 * @return The name of the Android application class
 */
public String getApplicationName() {
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.application.getAttribute("name");
	return attr == null ? null : expandClassName((String) attr.getValue());		
}
 

/**
 * Gets whether this Android application is enabled
 * @return True if this application is enabled, otherwise false
 */
public boolean isApplicationEnabled() {
	AXmlAttribute<?> attr = this.application.getAttribute("enabled");
	return attr == null || !attr.getValue().equals(Boolean.FALSE);
}
 

/**
 * Adds a new permission to the manifest.
 * @param complete permission name e.g. "android.permission.INTERNET"
 */
public void addPermission(String permissionName) {				
	AXmlNode permission = new AXmlNode("uses-permission", null, manifest);
	AXmlAttribute<String> permissionNameAttr = new AXmlAttribute<String>("name", permissionName,  AXmlHandler.ANDROID_NAMESPACE);		
	permission.addAttribute(permissionNameAttr);
}